Statement of India at the Fifth Session of the Forum on Human Rights, Democracy and the Rule of Law, 13-14 October 2025 delivered by Mr. K.S. Mohammed Hussain, Counsellor & Legal Adviser, Permanent Mission of India, Geneva
Theme: Democracy and Climate Change: Focusing on Solutions
Mr. Chair,
- India’s democratic framework provides a strong foundation for addressing climate change through inclusive governance, judicial oversight, and decentralized policy action. The Constitution of India establishes a vibrant parliamentary democracy of over 900 million voters with an independent judiciary and a participatory civil society. Environmental protection is embedded in our Constitutional framework, mandating both the State and citizens to safeguard nature. Guided by these principles, India has enacted robust environmental legislation and established key institutions such as the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MEFCC) and the National Green Tribunal (NGT), which ensure the enforcement of environmental norms.
- Democratic institutions—from Parliament to Panchayats—are increasingly active in shaping climate responses. The judiciary has linked environmental protection with the fundamental right to life, reinforcing accountability. India’s accelerated transition to renewable energy, particularly solar and wind, reflects its democratic will and commitment to sustainable growth. The establishment of the International Solar Alliance in 2015 and efforts to expand renewable capacity underscore India’s leadership in global climate action. India’s theme under G20 Presidency “One Earth, One Family and Future” and LiFE Mission ‘Life Style for Environment” is a testimony to India’s efforts to promote collective action to reduce mindless consumption, which are the main drivers of climate change.
Mr. Chair,
- Strengthening participatory governance, empowering local bodies, and fostering green innovation remain central to India’s vision of a climate-resilient and sustainable future. India remains committed to protecting its people, its democracy, and the planet through collective, equitable, and inclusive action.
Thank you
